It is the second gland in the body size, and is an endocrine gland and exocrina.It is a voluminous gland attached to the small intestine, located in the upper abdomen, behind the stomach, duodenum and the spleen. The head is fixed by the duodenal handle. His address is horizontal to the right and oblique upwards in the left half, is slightly curcas, its concavity looks to spine. It has an average weight of 70 grams. His coloring is grayish white.
* Exocrina Its role is to produce digestive juices (pancreatic juice) and release them through a tube, the pancreatic duct, the intestine.
*. His pancreatic endocrine function is to control the amount of blood sugar.
The cells that control levels of blood sugar are called islets of Langerhans. Those islets are groups of microscopic cells scattered throughout the pancreatic tissue from the rest of the pancreatic cells but are concentrated mainly in the tail of the pancreas.
* Exocrina Its role is to produce digestive juices (pancreatic juice) and release them through a tube, the pancreatic duct, the intestine.
*. His pancreatic endocrine function is to control the amount of blood sugar.
The cells that control levels of blood sugar are called islets of Langerhans. Those islets are groups of microscopic cells scattered throughout the pancreatic tissue from the rest of the pancreatic cells but are concentrated mainly in the tail of the pancreas.
The islets of Langerhans are formed by two types of cells:
* Alfa
* Beta
Cells alpha: secrete a hormone called glucagon.
The beta cells: secrete insulin.
The insulin and glucagon function as a system of checks and balances to regulate the level of blood sugar in the body.
Glucagon accelerates the process of glycogenesis in the liver (chemical process by the glucose stored in the liver cells in the form of glycogen is converted into glucose, glucose leaves this time of the liver cells and blood passes).
This process tends to increase the concentration of glucose in the blood. Insulin is a glucagon antagonist therefore reduces the amount of glucose in the blood. Insulin makes this process accelerating his departure from the blood stream, across cell membranes, into cells.
As glucose enters cells at a faster pace, the cells increase their metabolism of glucose.
All meals containing sugar and starch, such as bread, potatoes and cakes, are broken down into glucose. Thus they can be absorbed by every cell in the body, including liver cells, one of whose functions is to store sugar. The cells absorb glucose and burned in structures called mitochondria, the energy content using and producing carbon dioxide and water as derivatives. This burning process is the main source of energy of the body, and could not take place without the presence of insulin.
Diabetes occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin and is not regulated, therefore, the concentration of glucose in the blood. The glucose levels normal for an average adult is between 80 and 120 milligrams of glucose per 100 millimetres of blood. If the islets of Langerhans little secrete insulin, there is an excess of glucose, a characteristic of diabetes mellitu, the most common disorder of the endocrine system
* Alfa
* Beta
Cells alpha: secrete a hormone called glucagon.
The beta cells: secrete insulin.
The insulin and glucagon function as a system of checks and balances to regulate the level of blood sugar in the body.
Glucagon accelerates the process of glycogenesis in the liver (chemical process by the glucose stored in the liver cells in the form of glycogen is converted into glucose, glucose leaves this time of the liver cells and blood passes).
This process tends to increase the concentration of glucose in the blood. Insulin is a glucagon antagonist therefore reduces the amount of glucose in the blood. Insulin makes this process accelerating his departure from the blood stream, across cell membranes, into cells.
As glucose enters cells at a faster pace, the cells increase their metabolism of glucose.
All meals containing sugar and starch, such as bread, potatoes and cakes, are broken down into glucose. Thus they can be absorbed by every cell in the body, including liver cells, one of whose functions is to store sugar. The cells absorb glucose and burned in structures called mitochondria, the energy content using and producing carbon dioxide and water as derivatives. This burning process is the main source of energy of the body, and could not take place without the presence of insulin.
Diabetes occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin and is not regulated, therefore, the concentration of glucose in the blood. The glucose levels normal for an average adult is between 80 and 120 milligrams of glucose per 100 millimetres of blood. If the islets of Langerhans little secrete insulin, there is an excess of glucose, a characteristic of diabetes mellitu, the most common disorder of the endocrine system
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